01760nas a2200205 4500008004100000245005600041210005600097260001200153300001200165490000700177520117800184653001201362653001901374653001401393653001201407100001401419700001101433700001901444856009101463 2014 eng d00aFine structure of the stinger aculeus in Euscorpius0 aFine structure of the stinger aculeus in Euscorpius c04/2014 a119-1220 v423 a
A scorpion's last metasomal segment (telson) consists of a bulbous base that contains two venom glands and a curved tip (aculeus) where two venom ducts open to the outside. These two openings lie laterally just before the very tip of the aculeus; to see both of them at the same time, the stinger has to be looked at “tail-on” from the dorsal side. The two venom ducts have a distinct cuticular lining, which can be recognized in a transparent exuvia as long tubes (1 mm) extending from the distal pores back to the venom glands. Whereas the proximal bulb has many long sensory hairs on its surface, the distal aculeus is very smooth but contains small pits with tiny club-shaped hairs. These are probably contact chemoreceptors. The advantage of such sunken sensory hairs is certainly that the stinger can penetrate into prey (or foe) but can still perceive mechanical or chemical stimuli. Additionally, the aculeus bears several slit sensilla and numerous fine pores of unknown function. The aculeus is thus not only a well-adapted injection device but also contains sensory structures, which provide information on mechanical and chemical input.
10aaculeus10afine structure10aScorpions10astinger1 aFoelix, R1 aErb, B1 aBraunwalder, M uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/fine-structure-stinger-aculeus-euscorpius02088nas a2200181 4500008004100000245013700041210006900178260000900247300001000256490001300266520142800279100001501707700001301722700001401735700001501749700001101764856013101775 2012 eng d00aEuscorpius sicanus (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Tunisia: DNA barcoding confirms ancient disjunctions across the Mediterranean Sea0 aEuscorpius sicanus Scorpiones Euscorpiidae from Tunisia DNA barc c2012 a16-260 v13 (1/2)3 aWe used a DNA barcoding marker (mitochondrial cox1) to investigate the controversial natural occurrence of Euscorpius sicanus (C.L. Koch) in North Africa. We tested this hypothesis by comparing a sample collected from a mountain in Tunisia to disjunct populations in Sardinia, Malta, and Greece. Using these samples, and a few additional Euscorpius spp. from southern Europe as outgroups, we reconstructed the maternal phylogeny. We then used a molecular clock to place the phylogeny in a temporal context. The Tunisian sample grouped closest to a specimen from Sardinia, with both being more distantly related to E. sicanus from Malta, which is known to be genetically similar to samples from Sicily. Molecular clock estimates suggest an ancient disjunction across the Mediterranean Sea, with the divergence between samples from Sardinia and Tunisia estimated to have occurred between the Late Miocene and late Pliocene. The divergence date (mean = 5.56 Mya) closely corresponds with the timing of a sudden refilling of the Mediterranean Sea after it had evaporated during the Messinian salinity crisis. This rapid influx of water, in conjunction with tectonic activity, could have sundered connections between Euscorpius in North Africa and what is now the island of Sardinia. These results provide yet another case in which DNA barcodes have proven useful for more than just identifying and discovering species.
1 aGraham, MR1 aStoev, P1 aAkkari, N1 aBlagoev, G1 aFet, V uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/euscorpius-sicanus-scorpiones-euscorpiidae-tunisia-dna-barcoding-confirms-ancient01175nas a2200181 4500008004100000245010200041210006900143260000900212300000900221490000800230520054300238100001400781700001800795700001700813700001600830700001600846856013100862 2014 eng d00aA new species of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 from Naples Province, Italy (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae).0 anew species of Euscorpius Thorell 1876 from Naples Province Ital c2014 a1-120 v1823 aA new scorpion species, Euscorpius parthenopeius sp. n., is described from Naples Province, Italy. It is characterized by long-limbed overall appearance, medium size, light to medium brown to reddish color, and a typical trichobothrial count (Pv = 8–9, et = 6, em = 4, and eb = 4). Due to its morphological ambiguity, it cannot be included in any of the described subgenera of the genus. We include in the new species three specimens from Capri Island described among syntypes of E. carpathicus ilvanus Di Caporiacco, 1950.
1 aTropea, G1 aParmakelis, A1 aSziszkosz, N1 aBalanika, K1 aBouderka, A uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/new-species-euscorpius-thorell-1876-naples-province-italy-scorpiones-euscorpiidae00208nas a2200061 4500008003700000245006000037856004900097 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/node/2700278nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007200037856010700109 d00aL Euscorpius germanus (C.L. Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/l-euscorpius-germanus-cl-koch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones00275nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010500108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones00620nas a2200145 4500008004100000245013800041210006900179300001000248490001000258100001900268700001200287700001800299700001500317856014200332 1999 eng d00aFirst DNA phylogeny of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) and its bearing on taxonomy and biogeography of this genus0 aFirst DNA phylogeny of Euscorpius Thorell 1876 Scorpiones Euscor a49-650 v75(2)1 aGantenbein, B.1 aFet, V.1 aLargiader, C.1 aScholl, A. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/first-dna-phylogeny-euscorpius-thorell-1876-scorpiones-euscorpiidae-and-its-bearing-taxono-000596nas a2200157 4500008004100000245008800041210006900129300001000198100001400208700001800222700001500240700001400255700002400269700001700293856012800310 1971 eng d00aLe popolazioni italiane di Euscorpius germanus (C. L. Koch) (Scorpiones, Chactidae)0 aLe popolazioni italiane di Euscorpius germanus C L Koch Scorpion a93-961 aValle, A.1 aBerizzi, M.T.1 aBonino, M.1 aGorio, R.1 aGimillaro-Negri, E.1 aPercassi, A. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/le-popolazioni-italiane-di-euscorpius-germanus-c-l-koch-scorpiones-chactidae-000525nas a2200109 4500008004100000245013800041210006900179300001000248490001000258100000500268856014200273 1999 eng d00aFirst DNA phylogeny of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) and its bearing on taxonomy and biogeography of this genus0 aFirst DNA phylogeny of Euscorpius Thorell 1876 Scorpiones Euscor a49-650 v75(2)1 a uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/first-dna-phylogeny-euscorpius-thorell-1876-scorpiones-euscorpiidae-and-its-bearing-taxonomy00437nas a2200097 4500008004100000245008800041210006900129300001000198100000500208856012600213 1971 eng d00aLe popolazioni italiane di Euscorpius germanus (C. L. Koch) (Scorpiones, Chactidae)0 aLe popolazioni italiane di Euscorpius germanus C L Koch Scorpion a93-961 a uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/le-popolazioni-italiane-di-euscorpius-germanus-c-l-koch-scorpiones-chactidae00277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-000277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-100277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-200277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-300277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-400277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-500277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-600503nas a2200109 4500008004100000245009700041210006900138300001200207490001600219100002200235856013600257 1950 eng d00aLe specie e sottospecie del genere Euscorpius viventi in Italia ed in alcune zone confinanti0 aLe specie e sottospecie del genere Euscorpius viventi in Italia a159-2300 v(ser. 8), 21 aDi Caporiacco, L. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/le-specie-e-sottospecie-del-genere-euscorpius-viventi-italia-ed-alcune-zone-confinanti00488nas a2200109 4500008004100000245010100041210006900142300001100211490000600222100001700228856013300245 1980 eng d00aSistematica specifica e sottospecifica del complesso Euscorpius germanus (Scorpiones, Chactidae)0 aSistematica specifica e sottospecifica del complesso Euscorpius a47-1000 v21 aBonacina, A. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/sistematica-specifica-e-sottospecifica-del-complesso-euscorpius-germanus-scorpiones00277nas a2200061 4500008003700000245007100037856010700108 d00aL'Euscorpius germanus (C.L.Koch) in Italia (Arachnida, Scorpiones) uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/leuscorpius-germanus-clkoch-italia-arachnida-scorpiones-700384nas a2200109 4500008004100000245005200041210005200093300001200145490000600157100001700163856009400180 1993 eng d00aDistribution and diversity of Italian scorpions0 aDistribution and diversity of Italian scorpions a281-3000 v21 aCrucitti, P. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/distribution-and-diversity-italian-scorpions01868nas a2200193 4500008004100000245014600041210006900187300001200256490002100268520113900289100001801428700001901446700001201465700001501477700001601492700001401508700001401522856013801536 2000 eng d00aA new species of scorpion from Austria, Italy, Slovenia and Croatia: Euscorpius gamma Caporiacco, 1950, stat. nov. (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)0 anew species of scorpion from Austria Italy Slovenia and Croatia a253-2620 v19, Supplement 33 aScherabon (1987) recorded for the Austrian fauna two separate forms under Euscorpius germanus (C. L. KOCH), a so-called typical (T-Form) from Tyrol and Carinthia, and a Karawanken- Form (K-Form) limited to southern Carinthia. New morphological data on animals collected in Carinthia, Italy and Slovenia, as well as genetic analyses (allozymes and mitochondrial DNA), show that the so-called K-Form is in fact a separate species belonging to the Euscorpius mingrelicus complex, a phylogenetic lineage distinct from E. germanus (C. L. KOCH). The correct name for this species is E. gamma CAPORIACCO, 1950, stat. nov. (=E. germanus histrorum CAPORIACCO, 1950). It was described from northeastern Italy and the adjacent territory of Slovenia as a subspecies of E. germanus; we fix a lectotype of this species from the Risano (now Rizana) River in northern Istria, Slovenia. E. gamma is also found in Croatia. A number of other forms of the E. mingrelicus complex are found in the Balkans and Anatolia; their status is still unclear. We also fix a neotype of Euscorpius mingrelicus (KESSLER, 1874) from Batumi, Georgia (Caucasus).
1 aScherabon, B.1 aGantenbein, B.1 aFet, V.1 aBarker, M.1 aKuntner, M.1 aKropf, C.1 aHuber, D. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/new-species-scorpion-austria-italy-slovenia-and-croatia-euscorpius-gamma-caporiacco-195000632nas a2200157 4500008004100000245013200041210006900173260000900242300001300251490001200264100001600276700001700292700001500309700001600324856013400340 2005 eng d00aThe Euscorpius tergestinus (C.L.Koch, 1837) complex in Italy: biometrics of sympatric hidden species (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)0 aEuscorpius tergestinus CLKoch 1837 complex in Italy biometrics o c2005 a97–1140 v 244(2)1 aVignoli, V.1 aSalomone, N.1 aCaruso, T.1 aBernini, F. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/euscorpius-tergestinus-clkoch-1837-complex-italy-biometrics-sympatric-hidden-species01012nas a2200121 4500008004100000245016200041210006900203300000900272490000700281520044700288100001600735856013900751 2009 eng d00aOn Two Syntopic Species of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) in and Nearby San Marco Fortress (Veneto, Italy): a Preliminary Investigation 0 aTwo Syntopic Species of Euscorpius Thorell 1876 Scorpiones Eusco a1-140 v873 aThe author found syntopic specimens of Euscorpius italicus and E. tergestinus inside and nearby an abandoned fortress in Verona Province, Veneto, Italy. This discovery highlights a possibility of coexistence of congeneric species not only in the same territory, as already observed, but also in the same habitat and microhabitat, bringing some interesting questions about interspecific competition within the genus Euscorpius.
1 aColombo, M. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/two-syntopic-species-euscorpius-thorell-1876-scorpiones-euscorpiidae-and-nearby-san-marco00993nas a2200133 4500008004100000245011400041210006900155260000900224300000900233490000700242520046200249100001600711856013200727 2006 eng d00aNew data on distribution and ecology of seven species of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) 0 aNew data on distribution and ecology of seven species of Euscorp c2006 a1-390 v363 aThe author observed seven species of Euscorpius in 1999–2005 (E. alpha, E. sicanus, E. tergestinus, E. concinnus, E. naupliensis, E. italicus, and E. flavicaudis) in their natural environment, mainly in Italy but also in France, Swit- zerland, and Greece. Ecology of these species is discussed as well as predatory behavior occasionally observed in nature. This work provides new data on the distribution and ecology of European Euscorpiidae.
1 aColombo, M. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/new-data-distribution-and-ecology-seven-species-euscorpius-thorell-1876-scorpiones01687nas a2200229 4500008004100000245012100041210006900162260001200231300000900243490000700252520091800259653001301177653001101190653002201201653002301223653001601246653001501262653001101277100002001288700001401308856013501322 2013 eng d00aConfirmation of a new species of Buthus Leach, 1815 from Sicily (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Biogeographical implications0 aConfirmation of a new species of Buthus Leach 1815 from Sicily S c06/2013 a9-140 v223 aAbstract: A new species belonging to the genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) is described from Palermo province, in Sicily. Buthus trinacrius sp. n. shows morphological affinities with Buthus occitanus (Amoreux), originally described from southern France, but, in some characters, also with some African Buthus species. For morphological, biogeographical and geological rea- sons, the new species could represent a link between African and European Buthus populations. If Buthus inhabited the Italian Pe- ninsula in past geological times, it probably regressed and became extinct due to severe climatic modifications which took place since the end of the Tertiary period. Regarding the occurrence in Sicily of Buthus, surely still present on the island during the 19th century but maybe extinct now, a possible explanation could be the heavy urbanization of the Palermo region.
After the revision of Fet & Soleglad (2002), Euscorpius tergestinus (C. L. Koch, 1837) was considered a polymorphic species widespread from France to Croatia. In this study, we reconsidered the taxonomy of E. tergestinus s.str. based on morphological and genetic evidence, its range, and its original description. Euscorpius aquilejensis (C. L. Koch, 1837), stat. nov., previously synonymous with E. tergestinus, is elevated to species status herein. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on available GenBank 16S rDNA data shows a separate, basal position of E. aquilejensis and some other Euscorpius species, which implies that the subgenus Euscorpius s.str. is paraphyletic.
1 aTropea, G. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/reconsideration-taxonomy-euscorpius-tergestinus-scorpiones-euscorpiidae01059nas a2200133 4500008004100000245008400041210006900125260000900194300001400203490001100217520056700228100001500795856011500810 2012 eng d00aA new species of Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Scorpiones, Euscorpiidae) from Italy0 anew species of Euscorpius Thorell 1876 Scorpiones Euscorpiidae f c2012 a253–2590 v15 (8)3 aA new species of the genus Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 is described based on specimens collected at the locality Celano (AQ), Abruzzo, central Italy. It is characterized by a peculiar trichobothrial pattern (eba = 5-5 + eb = 4-4), a large number of pectine teeth, and a general colouration which is dark brownish, with legs and telson yellowish. With the description of this new species a new trichobothrial pattern is described. The number of Euscorpius species in Italy is thus raised to ten, and the number of species in the subgenus Euscorpius to five.
1 aTropea, G. uhttps://euscorpita.myspecies.info/en/content/new-species-euscorpius-thorell-1876-scorpiones-euscorpiidae-italy